For comparison, here’s the result I got from DALL-E 3 two years ago (at the time, ChatGPT did not generate images):

AI image generators have historically struggled to spell because they generally used diffusion models, which work by reconstructing images from noise.

“The diffusion models […] are reconstructing a given input,” Asmelash Teka Hadgu, founder and CEO of Lesan AI, told TechCrunch in 2024. “We can assume writings on an image are a very, very tiny part, so the image generator learns the patterns that cover more of these pixels.”

Researchers have since explored other mechanisms for image generation, like autoregressive models, which make predictions about what an image should look like and function more like an LLM.